Diatomaceous earth is a bio-genetic siliceous sedimentary mineral. In the ore, a large amount of organic matter and clay minerals are often mixed, and the impurities present in the pores of diatomite are difficult to remove by conventional beneficiation methods, although acid leaching Can improve the grade of diatomite, but due to the strong adsorption capacity of diatomaceous earth, some impurities in the acid solution will enter the diatom, and the cost of pickling is high, and it is easy to cause serious environmental pollution; usually diatomaceous earth The processing process of ore dressing is: raw ore - one section of grinding and drying - two sections of grinding and drying - pre-sorting - cyclone separation - powdery products. If further processing is required, it is sent to the rotary kiln for calcination (with or without flux) - grinding cooling - sorting and grading - filler grade or filter aid grade products.
Due to the different grades of ore and different requirements for diatomite products, dry or wet beneficiation is used respectively. The principle and application range are listed in Table 1.
Development production example
At present, there is not a relatively complete diatomite beneficiation processing plant in China. Only a few units have engaged in the beneficiation and purification of low-grade diatomaceous earth, and have not yet formed production capacity.
Beneficiation and purification of a diatomite ore in western Yunnan
The mine is a clay diatomaceous earth with good texture. It is determined that the diatomite is mainly Navicula, followed by the algae, the algae and the algae. Through sieving analysis, -25mm accounted for 51.97%, the distribution ratio of SiO2 was 63.05%, the grade was 86.60%, which was much higher than that of the original soil SiO284.56%. Therefore, the method of pre-screening to remove the coarse fraction can be improved. grade. The physical and chemical properties of the original soil are listed in Tables 2 and 3.In summary, in the case of the original soil SiO2 of 84.56%, Al2O3 of 3.77%, and Fe2O3 of 0.56%, the pre-staged de-mixing-selective flocculation-magnetic re-separation separation process can be used to obtain diatomite soil suitable for the production of filter aids. (See Table 7). The method has been used to build factories. After the ore dressing clay is calcined, the indexes are: SiO296.71%, Fe2O30.63%, Al2O31.67%, CaO 0.2%, and MgO 0.10%.
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