Technical due diligence is a critical factor in the success of solar projects across commercial, industrial, and utility-scale applications. Large photovoltaic (PV) systems represent significant capital investments with long service lives—often spanning 30 years or more. If these systems fail to perform reliably or meet expected output levels, project stakeholders such as financiers, owners, and developers risk reduced returns on their investment.
Mitigating risks over the system's lifetime goes beyond simply meeting minimum code requirements. As a consulting engineer working with project owners and lenders, Pure Power has reviewed numerous underperforming or troubled solar assets that technically met code standards. These experiences have shown us that code compliance is not the ultimate goal—it’s just the starting point. It doesn’t guarantee quality, reliability, or long-term performance.
**Understanding Code Compliance**
Like any electrical or structural system, PV installations are subject to specific codes, such as the National Electrical Code (NEC) or the International Building Code (IBC). Meeting these standards is essential for permits, inspections, and limiting liability. However, compliance with legal minimums does not ensure efficiency, ease of maintenance, or longevity.
At its core, codes are based on past failures—especially those that led to serious incidents like fires, injuries, or property damage. The purpose of these codes is to prevent hazards, not necessarily to optimize performance. As stated in the NEC:
> “The purpose of this Code is the practical safeguarding of persons and property from hazards arising from the use of electricity.â€
And further:
> “Compliance with this Code and proper maintenance result in an installation that is essentially free from hazard but not necessarily efficient, convenient, or adequate for good service.â€
This distinction is crucial. For a PV plant to deliver strong returns, it must operate efficiently, be easy to maintain, and last for decades.
**Variations Between Code Editions**
It’s also important to recognize that code development moves slowly, often lagging behind technological advancements. While new editions of the NEC and IBC are released every three years, adoption at the state or local level can vary widely. Some states adopt the latest versions quickly, while others may still be using outdated editions. This creates inconsistencies in safety and performance standards.
In some cases, the gap between code updates and equipment evolution can even hinder the use of newer, more efficient technologies. Therefore, relying solely on code compliance may not always ensure a safe or high-performing system.
**Understanding Best Practices**
Best practices go beyond legal requirements and focus on proven methods that enhance performance, reliability, and longevity. They are based on experience, research, and real-world outcomes. Whether you're looking for short-term returns or long-term asset ownership, best practices help stakeholders make informed decisions.
**Performance Matters**
A PV system that isn’t operating efficiently or is frequently down will fail to deliver the expected financial returns. Meeting code requirements alone won’t prevent equipment failures, design flaws, or installation errors. For example, improper inverter selection in high-temperature environments can lead to power derating or voltage issues. Best practices address these risks proactively.
**Climate and Location Matter**
PV systems must be designed to withstand local environmental conditions—such as extreme heat, wind, snow, or seismic activity. A system that meets code may not be resilient enough to handle severe weather. Engineering reports have shown that even code-compliant structures can fail under extreme conditions. Understanding site-specific risks helps in selecting materials and designs that support long-term performance.
**Installation and O&M Matter**
If a system is hard to install or maintain, it can lead to higher costs and lower efficiency. For instance, spreading inverters over a large area increases service time and complexity. Best practices suggest clustering inverters to improve accessibility and reduce downtime. Simple design choices, like flexible conduit arrangements, can significantly reduce maintenance costs over time.
At Pure Power, our engineers bring a wealth of experience and best practices to every project. We ensure that your PV and energy storage systems are not only safe, but also efficient, reliable, and profitable over the long term.
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