More historical information from the Waukegan Fire Department is shared here, with some overlap from previous posts. This detailed account highlights the evolution of fire protection in Waukegan from the 1800s up to the early 20th century.
1800’s through 1929
Waukegan, one of Illinois’ oldest communities, traces its roots back to 1673 when Jesuit missionary Father Pierre Marquette and explorer Louis Joliet explored the area along Lake Michigan, where the Pottawamie Indians had settled. Trappers and traders later established a trading post called "Petite" or Little Fort in the early 1700s. Though the French eventually abandoned it, permanent settlers from Chicago arrived in 1835, leading to rapid growth. By 1841, Little Fort became the county seat, replacing Libertyville, and by 1846, its population had grown from 150 to 750 people.
By 1849, the town had expanded to 2,500 residents and was officially recognized as a port. The name "Little Fort" no longer fit, so the village changed its name to Waukegan, derived from the Pottawamie word for "Little Fort." Early growth was driven by trade and industry, especially after the arrival of the Illinois Parallel Railroad (now the Chicago and Northwestern) in 1855.
A Need for Fire Protection
As Waukegan grew, so did the need for fire protection. In 1849, the first volunteer fire company, the Waukegan Hook and Ladder Company No. 1, was formed. It consisted of 21 volunteers who used axes, buckets, and a small hook and ladder wagon. They received only a poll tax rebate as compensation. The first fire they responded to was at the Kirk foundry in December 1850.
The department faced challenges in acquiring proper equipment. A fire engine purchased from Chicago in 1853 proved ineffective, and the city returned it. Later, a new engine was bought from L. Button and Company in 1854, and the first firehouse was built in the mid-1850s.
The First Fire Engine
In 1859, Waukegan became a city, and the fire department continued to evolve. In 1874, the city acquired a Silsby Steam Fire Engine, which proved more reliable than earlier models. This engine was rebuilt in 1892 and remained in service well into the 20th century. The department also began using steam-powered equipment, marking a significant step toward modernization.
The Great Chicago Fire
In 1871, the Waukegan Fire Department sent volunteers to assist in the aftermath of the Great Chicago Fire. Members like Fred Palmer and others traveled to Chicago, bringing a cart and 700 feet of hose. This act of solidarity highlighted the growing cooperation between neighboring fire departments.
A Paid Staff
By the late 1880s, volunteer interest waned, and the city considered hiring full-time firefighters. In 1886, the chief engineer was placed on the city payroll, and other firefighters received annual salaries. This marked the beginning of a transition from volunteer to professional firefighting.
Recognized for Their Service
In 1892, the Waukegan Fire Department was honored by the Bluff City Fire Company #1 of Kenosha for its assistance during a major fire at the Simmons factory. The city presented a hand-sewn silk tapestry to commemorate their efforts. That same year, Waukegan also made improvements to its water system, including the installation of water pumps and hydrants.
A Bad Year for Fires
1899 saw several major fires, including a devastating blaze at the American Steel and Wire Company mill that caused over $500,000 in damage. In 1901, a fire at the Alden Organ Factory claimed two lives. Despite these setbacks, the department continued to expand, adding new equipment and improving its alarm system.
First Waukegan LODD
On April 23, 1908, Fireman John Hobart Jansen became the first Waukegan firefighter killed in the line of duty when a flywheel explosion occurred at the North Shore Electric Plant. His death marked a tragic milestone in the department's history.
Continued Growth and Modernization
Throughout the early 1900s, Waukegan’s fire department continued to grow, adding motorized fire engines, expanding its alarm system, and improving its infrastructure. By 1913, the Central Fire Station was officially dedicated, becoming a hub for both emergency response and community engagement.
As the city evolved, so did its fire protection efforts. From volunteer beginnings to a fully professional force, the Waukegan Fire Department has played a vital role in protecting the community for over a century. This rich history reflects the dedication, sacrifice, and progress of those who have served in the department.
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